Cobb Angle And Scoliosis

“Cobb Angle” used worldwide to measure and quantify the magnitude of spinal deformities, especially in the case of scoliosis. The Cobb angle measurement the “gold standard” of scoliosis evaluation endorsed by the Scoliosis Research Society.

It used as the standard measurement to quantify and track the progression of scoliosis. Cobb angle was first described in 1948 by Dr. John R Cobb where he outlined how to measure the angle of the spinal curve. Hence, the term “Cobb Angle” came about, bearing his name.

The forward bending test usually used to screen for scoliosis before puberty. An X-ray will be performed on the patient if this test is positive and the Cobb angle measured.

How To Measure Cobb Angle?

1. Firstly, locate the most tilted vertebra at the top of the curve and draw a parallel line to the superior vertebral endplate. [Insert picture showing vertebral endplates].
2. Secondly, locate the most tilted vertebra at the bottom of the curve. Afterwhich, draw a parallel line to the inferior vertebral endplate.
3. Thirdly, erect intersecting perpendicular lines from the two parallel lines.
4. Lastly, the angle formed between the two parallel lines is the Cobb angle.

What Is The Significance Of Cobb Angle For Scoliosis?

The Cobb angle is a measure of the curvature of the spine in degrees. This helps the doctor to determine what type of treatment is necessary.

A Cobb angle of 10 degrees is necessary to be regarded as Scoliosis.

A scoliosis curve of 10 to below 29 degrees normally does not require any treatment except for regular check-ups with the orthopaedic doctor. This happens until the patient has gone through puberty, and finished growing. The curvature of the spine usually does not worsen after puberty.

However, if the scoliosis curve is 20 to 40 degrees, then a back brace will be prescribed by an orthopedic doctor or a physiotherapist certified in spinal brace prescription. A brace is usually recommended when patient is still below puberty age of 15 for girls and 17 for boys. The brace is usually worn daily , for an average of 13-18 hours.

Is There A Need For Surgery?

Surgery may be required to correct the curve if the Cobb angle is 40 or 50 degrees or more. The orthopaedic surgeon will perform a procedure known as spinal fusion to link or “fuse” the vertebrae together so that the spine can no longer continue to curve. To correct the curve and hold everything in line until the bones heal, metal rods, screws, hooks and wires will be used.

Teens who have had surgery to correct their scoliosis will usually return to school about a month after surgery, and should be able to gradually return to all normal activities after 6 to 12 months post surgery.

Experiencing Scoliosis or Back pain?

Physiotherapy is important regardless of whether surgery is done to improve spinal awareness and strengthening of the trunk and back muscles to better support the spine.

Find out more about how Core Concepts Physiotherapy Singapore can help resolve pain.